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University  of  California  •  Berkeley 

Purchased  as  the  gift  of 
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ARIZONA 


THE  WONDERFUL  COUNTRY 


son    its    Metro 


MPREHEK^  ...     REVIEW 


'  >^PECTS    OF    THE    'irr>T>TT< 
^ffOWTNO  TTTl 

METRO! 


BY     C.     M,     K      PAULISON. 


1881 


?" 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archiv( 
I  in  2007  with  funding  from 
Microsoft  Corooration 


ARIZONA. 


THE  WONDERFUL  COUNTRY. 


Tucson   its    Metropolis 


A  COMPREHENSIVE    REVIEW 

OF  THE 

PAST    PROGRESS,    PRESENT    CONDITION    AND    FU- 
TURE    PROSPECTS    OF    THE    TERRITORY    OF 
ARIZONA,  SHOWING  THE  ADVANTAGES 
POSSESSED    BY    TUCSON    AS    THE 
COMMERCIAL   METROPOLIS. 


BY     C.    M.    K.    PAULISON. 


TUCSON,     A.    T.  : 
PRINTED    AT    THE    OFFICE    OF    THE  ARIZONA  STAR 

1881. 


PROSPE  CTUS 


OF    THE 


Real    Estate    Associates 

OF     TUCSON. 


This  company  has  organized  and  become  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  Arizona  for  the  purpose  of  buying,  selling,  leasing 
and  improving  real  estate  in  the  city  of  Tucson  and  its  suburbs. 

To  make  manifest  the  profitableness  of  investments  in  tKe 
enterprise  it  invites  attention  to  the  considerations  hereinafter 
set  forth. 

Resources  and  Future  of  Arizona  Considered. 

At  the  time  of  the  appointment  of  General  John  C.  Fremont  as 
Governor,  the  Territory  of  Arizona  was  looked  upon  as  one  of  the 
most  inaccessible  and  isolated  regions  of  the  Union.  The  people 
of  the  older  States  were  excessively  ignorant  of  its  great  re- 
sources and  capabilities.  The  little  light  previously  thrown 
upon  the  subject  disclosed  only  the  dark  side  of  the  picture. 
The  desert  character  of  the  land,  its  enormous  cacti,  tarantulas, 
horned  toads,  rattlesnakes  and  Gila  monsters  were  inseparably 
connected  vvitli  the  most  conservative  view  of  its  capabilities. 
But  little  knowledge  was  current  as  to  its  luxuriant  valleys, 
magnificent  forests,  thousands  of  square  miles  of  inexhaustible 
coal  beds,  and  mountains  of  precious  metals  hidden  in  Nature's 
store-houses  scattered  over  its  immense  area.  But  a  hardy  race 
of  self-sacrificing  pioneers  had  explored  the  Territory,  and  ac- 
quired a  personal  knowledge  of  its  marvelous  riches,  and  clung 
tenaciously  to  the  belief  that  the  near  future  would  shower  upon 
them  the  golden  treasures  of  its  inexhaustible  deposits. 


TRADITIONAL    ASSURANCES    OF    TREASURE. 

Tradition  always  gave  assurance  that  fabulous  treasures  lay 
hidden  in  its  metalliferous  mountains.  The  great  Humboldt,  in 
harmony  with  the  belief  of  many  other  scientists,  has  put  upon 
record  the  prediction  that  the  long-looked-for  Eldorado  would  be 
found  in  the  region  now  embraced  in  the  territorial  area  of 
Arizona.  Under  the  dominion  of  Spain,  and  subsequently  under 
the  government  of  the  Mexican  Hepublic,  causes  existed  which 
prevented  the  exploration  and  development  necessary  to  bring  to 
light  these  hidden  treasures.  The  Apache  and  other  hostile  In- 
dians had  gradually  destroyed  the  small  mining  population  which 
had  hitherto  worked  many  of  the  mines  with  their  rude  appli- 
ances. It  required  the  energy  and  enterprise  of  a  new  race  of 
men  and  the  inventions  of  modern  civilization  to  compel  those 
metalliferous  deposits  to  surrender  their  immense  treasures. 

THE  VANGUARD  OF  PIONEER*. 

The  vanguard  of  pioneers  soon  reached  the  promised  land. 

In  the  year  1848  General  Fremont,  the  courageous  path- 
tinder,  with  his  band  of  intrepid  explorers,  on  their  way  across 
the  continent  descended  from  the  upper  waters  of  the  Rio  Grande, 
through  the  country  of  the  Apaches,  Comanches,  and  other  Indi- 
ans then  at  war  with  the  United  States,  and  reached  the  then 
Mexican  pueblo  of  Tucson.  Having  opened  up  a  pathway  for 
the  teeming  population  of  the  older  States  to  the  solitudes  of  this 
new  Eldorado  of  the  great  West,  a  new  race  of  explorers  and 
prospectors  soon  camped  on  the  site  of  these  great  gold  and  silver 
deposits. 

A    NEW    ERA    OF    DEVELOPMENT. 

The  cession  of  this  vast  territory  to  the  great  Republic 
brought  these  irrepressible  prospectors  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
their  native  land,  and  then  came  a  new  era  of  development. 
Energy  and  capital  soon  grappled  with  the  difficulties  which  still 
opposed  their  efforts  to  make  Nature  yield  up  her  treasures.  It 
is  remarkable  that  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  over  one 
thousand  miles  of  rough  country  had  to  be  traversed  to  bring  the 
necessary  machinery  and  supplies  to  carry  on  their  mining  opera- 
tions, and  the  equally  hazardous  and  difficult  transportation  of 
their  bullion  product  over  the  same  lengthy  route  to  secure  a 


5 

market  and  keep  their  enterprises  afloat,  these  pioneer  miners  se- 
cured a  surprisingly  large  amount  of  the  precious  metals. 

It  needed,  however,  a  changed  condition  of  things  to  get  the 
proper  measure  of  success.  Hostile  Apaches  had  to  be  brought  into 
subjection.  The  one  thousand  miles  of  wagon  transportation, 
with  its  enormous  cost,  had  to  be  supplanted  by  the  steel  tracks 
of  the  railway,  bringing  in  its  train  the  needed  machinery,  sup- 
plies, capital  and  population. 

THE  ADVENT  OF  GENERAL  FREMONT. 

This  long-looked-for  new  era  of  prosperity  commenced  with  the 
gubernatorial  administration  of  Gen.  John  C.  Fremont,  the  ex- 
plorer of  1848.  Our  honored  Governor's  visits  to  the  great  me- 
tropolis induced  large  numbers  of  capitalists  to  seek  from  him 
information  as  to  the  propriety  of  investments  in  developing  the 
mineral  resources  of  Arizona.  The  visits  to  the  East  of  ex- 
Governor  Safford  and  other  prominent  Arizonians  also  contrib- 
uted largely  in  enlightening  the  public  mind  as  to  Arizona's 
capabilities  and  resources. 

THE    COMING    OF    THE    SOUTHERN    PACIFIC    RAILWAY. 

Who  can  fully  estimate  the  wonderful  changes  and  develop- 
ments that  have  taken  place  in  Arizona  during  the  three 
years  of  Gen.  Fremont's  administration  1  Within  three  months 
after  his  arrival  the  iron  horse  entered  the  Territory  at  the  west, 
and  marched  east  with  rapid  strides  until  its  steam-chested  lungs 
were  recently  heard  celebrating  its  arrival  at  the  banks  of  the 
Rio  Grande.  Prior  to  the  advent  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Rail- 
way many  mining  claims  that  yielded  less  than  an  average  of  $100 
to  $150  a  ton  could  not  be  worked  at  a  profit.  Now  ore  assay- 
ing not  more  than  one-fifth  of  these  amounts  can  be  made  to  pay 
satisfactory  dividends.  It  is  estimated  that  there  are  over 
100,000  recorded  mining  locations  in  Arizona.  Out  of  this  im- 
mense number  a  large  proportion  can  be  relied  upon  as  dividend- 
paying  mines.  It  is  well  known  that  enormous  deposits  of  copper 
have  been  heretofore  considered  of  little  value,  in  consequence  of 
the  too  great  cost  of  reduction  and  transportation.  Now  the 
Copper  Kings  and  Copper  Queens  of  Arizona  are  stepping  to  the 
front  as  contestants  for  the  capital  of  investors.  The  copper 
yield  of  Arizona  has  already  attracted  the  attention  of  the  world. 


The  recent  discovery  of  coal  in  the  midst  of  these  wonderful 
deposits  is  another  factor  in  securing  the  immense  wealth  obtain- 
able from  the  proper  smelting  of  these  ores. 

The  limits  of  this  prospectus  will  not  permit  a  more  extensive 
view  of  the  magnificent  outlook  which  so  clearly  indicates  that 
Arizona  is  rapidly  becoming  the  seat  of  the  grandest  mineral  em- 
pire the  world  has  ever  seen.  We  have  space  only  for  a  few  sta- 
tistics which  indicate  unerringly  this  great  result. 

RAPID    INCREASE    OF    POPULATION. 

The  first  Federal  census  of  the  Territory,  taken  in  1870,  gave 
a  total  population,  not  including  Indians  on  reservation,  of  9,658, 
of  which  only  2,470  Av^ere  citizens  of  the  older  States  and  Terri- 
tories. The  balance  was  made  up  mostly  of  Mexicans.  The 
recent  Federal  census  of  1880  showed  a  population  of  41,580, 
being  an  increase  of  350  per  cent.,  v/hich,  in  comparison  with  the 
growth  of  the  other  States  and  Territories,  ranks  first.  The  de- 
tails of  these  returns  show  that  the  ratio  of  increase  in  the  Amer- 
ican element  was  more  than  1,000  per  cent.  Another  important 
fact  appears,  that  the  most  of  this  wonderful  increase  occurred  in 
Southern  Arizona.  It  is  well  known  that  the  addition  to  the 
population  during  the  last  three  years  was  greater  than  for  the 
seven  years  preceding.  Should  the  same  ratio  of  increase  contin- 
ue at  the  end  of  the  next  decade  Arizona  ought  to  have  an  Amer- 
ican population  of  about  200,000.  Within  the  next  three  or  four 
years  she  will  have  the  population  requisite  to  entitle  her  to  ad- 
mittance as  one  of  the  States  of  the  Union. 

CENSUS    RETURNS    OF    MINERAL    DEVELOPMENT. 

The  statistics  of  population,  however,  do  not  keep  pace  with  the 
development  of  the  mining  interests.  In  1870  the  Federal  census 
showed  the  following : 

Mining  establishments 4 

Hands  employed  ....*. 45 

Capital I  6,500 

Wages  paid 13,700 

Materials 1,485 

Products 24,500 


RAPID  INCREASE  OF  BULLION  PRODUCTION. 

The  details  of  the  Federal  census  of  1880  not  having  yet  been 
published  we  are  unable  to  give  the  figures  for  comparison.  The 
last  annual  compilation  of  the  "Arizona  Star,"  January  1,  1881, 
gives  the  bullion  product  of  1880  of  Pima  county  alone  as 
$3,019,930.55.  If  we  add  to  this  gratifying  result  the  bullion 
output  of  the  other  six  counties  of  the  Territory,  including  that 
of  the  great  Silver  King,  Stonewall  Jackson,  MacMorris,  Peck, 
Bradshaw,  Silver  Prince,  Black  Warrior,  Vulture,  and  scores  of 
other  mines  outside  of  Pima  County,  the  product  of  the  year 

1880  will  reach  nearly,  if  not  quite,  $8,000,000.  We  believe  it 
would  be  a  safe  estimate  to  place  the  Arizona  bullion  product  of 

1881  at  $16,000,000.  When  we  carefully  consider  the  remarka- 
bly favorable  change  in  the  cost  of  transportation  and  supplies, 
and  the  millions  of  capital  of  the  older  States  now  pouring  into 
the  Territory,  we  certainly  will  be  justified  in  predicting  that 
the  bullion  output  of  Arizona  at  the  end  of  five  years  will  aggre- 
gate $100,000,000.  Astonishing  as  these  results  may  appear  to  the 
conservative  mind,  we  are  fully  satisfied  that  the  most  sceptical 
will  accept  these  predictions  as  reliable,  especially  when  they 
carefully  consider  the  causes  operating  to  produce  these  remark- 
able figures. 

THE    GRAND    NETWORK    OF    RAILWAYS. 

Consider,  for  a  moment,  the  wonderful  changes  which  will  take 
place  when  the  grand  network  of  railways,  which  the  great  rail- 
way kings,  with  keen  discernment,  are  projecting  into  Arizona 
to  share  in  the  enormous  dividends  which  her  glorious  future 
promises,  shall  have  been  completed.  A  few  weeks  ago  the  great 
southern  transcontinental  railways  celebrated  their  junction  at 
Doming.  The  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Company,  not  satis- 
fied with  its  union  with  the  Southern  Pacific,  is  now  laying  down 
at  the  rate  of  two  miles  per  day  the  steel  track  for  an  additional 
and  continuous  highway  to  the  shores  of  the  Pacific  Ocean.  This 
will  be  a  realization  of  the  thirty-fifth  parallel  route,  passing 
through  grand  forests,  inexhaustible  deposits  of  coal,  and  precious 
metals  remarkable  in  richness  and  only  yet  in  the  infancy  of  their 
development.  The  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railway  Company  is 
pushing  forward  to  compete  for  the  carrying  trade  of  the  Terri 


8 

tory  at  the  northeast  quarter.  The  Utah  Southern,  starting  from 
the  heart  of  the  Continent,  at  Salt  Lake  City,  has  laid  its  tracks 
and  is  now  running  its  cars  to  within  a  short  distance  of  the 
northwest  portion  of  the  Territory,  and  in  a  short  time  these 
inaccessible  regions  will  be  united  by  railway  communication 
with  the  Central  Pacific  and  Northern  Pacific  transcontinental 
railways.  On  or  before  November  of  this  year  the  Texas  Pacific 
expects  to  complete  their  line  to  El  Paso,  forming  another  over- 
land route  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  and  uniting  us  more 
directly  with  the  people  of  the  southern  and  southwestern  parts  of 
the  Union.  The  Southern  Pacific,  having  completed  its  road  to 
El  Paso,  is  now  building  a  line  at  the  rate  of  two  miles  per  day? 
having  as  its  objective  points  San  Antonio  and  the  gulf  port  of 
Galveston.  This  will  enable  the  shippers  of  Arizona  ores  to 
Swansea  to  reach  a  seaport  on  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  by  about  as 
short  a  railroad  transportation  as  by  the  route  to  the  Pacific  port 
of  San  Francisco,  thus  saving  at  least  15,000  miles  of  water 
transportation.  The  copper  bullion  product  of  Arizona  can  by 
this  greatly  shortened  route  reach  the  markets  of  the  eastern 
world  at  a  large  reduction  in  the  cost  of  transportation. 

The  far-seeing  and  liberal-minded  managers  of  the  Atchison, 
Tepeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railway  having  connected  their  line  with  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railway,  are  now  rapidly  building  their  road  to 
the  port  of  Guaymas,  on  the  Gulf  of  California,  by  way  of  Tuc- 
son. This  will  give  Arizona  another  sea  port  connection  with 
the  antipodal  world  of  China,  Australia,  Japan  and  India. 

The  Southern  Pacific,  determining  not  to  be  outdone  in  com' 
petition,  has  surveyed  and  will  within  a  few  months  have  a  branch 
road  completed  to  connect  Yuma  with  the  Gulf  of  California. 
The  projected  road  from  Port  Ysabel,  on  the  Gulf  of  California, 
to  Tucson  will  enable  the  merchants  of  this  city  to  import  the 
products  of  the  Pacific  ports  and  the  western  world  at  a  reduction 
produced  by  the  substitution  of  170  miles  of  land  transportion  to 
the  gulf  for  1,000  miles  to  the  port  of  San  Francisco.  This  road 
will  pass  through  the  district  of  the  celebrated  antimony  mines, 
the  products  of  which  will  form  an  important  source  of  profit  to 
its  carrying  trade.  In  addition  to  the  foregoing  railroads  com- 
pleted, being  built  and  projected,  there  are  various  other  projected 
roads  calculated  to  develop  the  great  resources  of  Arizona. 

Never  in  the  history  of  any  Territory  has   such  rapid  progress. 


been  made  in  developing  natural  resources  as   has  taken  place  in 
Arizona  during  the  past  three  years. 

THE    AGRICULTURAL    OUTLOOK. 

Notwithstanding  it  is  universally  conceded  that  the  chief  reli- 
ance for  the  future  and  permanent  prosperity  of  Arizona  is  to 
be  placed  upon  her  wonderful  mineral  wealth,  the  agricultural 
resources  are  of  far  greater  importance  than  popular  belief  is 
willing  to  grant.  To  those  who  enter  the  Territory  at  Yuma, 
and  pass  over  the  arid  plains  on  the  journey  to  Tucson,  finally 
reaching  the  fertile  valley  of  the  Santa  Cruz,  Arizona  naturally 
appears  to  be  a  country  of  little  or  no  agricultural  capabilities. 
A  fuller  acquaintance  with  the  entire  Territory,  however,  will 
convince  them  that  she  has  enough  arable  land  lying  in  her  val- 
leys and  capable  of  irrigation  to  supply  the  wants  of  a  large  State. 
The  possibilities  of  her  soil  are  very  great.  There  is  an  immense 
area  of  bottom  and  mesa  land  which  contains  soil  of  great  fertil- 
ity, and  needs  only  a  supply  of  water  to  make  it  productive  to  an 
astonishing  degree.  As  an  evidence  of  what  the  most  desert  ap- 
pearing land  is  capable  of  producing  by  artificial  irrigation,  the 
testimony  in  the  final  proof  given  in  the  United  States  Land  Of- 
fice in  a  desert  land  entry  of  640  acres  established  the  following 
remarkable  facts :  The  land  taken  up  was  apparently  the  most 
worthless  in  the  Territory.  By  digging  a  ditch  from  the  Colo 
rado  river  near  Yuma,  and  distributing  the  water  over  this  tract, 
as  well  as  a  large  number  of  other  tracts  of  the  same  area,  the 
aforesaid  tract  produced,  as'  testified  to  by  three  credible  wit- 
nesses, over  1,000  tons  of  wheat,  barley  and  other  agricultural 
products.  To  transport  this  single  crop  to  market  would  require 
100  railroad  cars.  The  supply  of  water  from  the  Colorado  River 
at  this  and  other  points  for  purposes  of  irrigation  is  sufficient  to 
render  productive  an  immense  area  of  the  now  desert  lands  of 
Arizona. 

PROJECTS    FOR    SECURING    A    WATER    SUPPLY. 

In  his  last  annual  message  -Gov.  Fremont  suggested  for  the 
consideration  of  the  Legislature  and  the  people  the  feasibility  of 
retaining  in  immense  reservoirs  the  surplus  water  of  our  rivers 
which  now  flows  into  the  sea  frcrc  which  storage  supplies  aque- 
ducts could  distribut*^  these  accumulated  waters  over  many  thirsty 


10 

deserts,  changing  their  desolate  wastes  into  agricultural  paradises. 
Another  project  for  overcoming  the  desolation  which  reigns 
supreme  in  the  parched  deserts  of  Arizona,  also  advocated  by  our 
Governor,  is  the  magnificent  engineering  feat  of  conveying  the 
waters  of  the  Gulf  of  California  by  a  canal  into  the  basin  known 
as  the  Colorado  Desert.  The  marine  fossils  found  everywhere  on 
the  surface  of  this  now  desolate  basin  point  unmistakably  to 
the  conclusion  that  an  immense  inland  sea  once  occupied  its  site. 
The  unwritten  history  of  the  Aztec  races,  which  we  now  read  in 
the  ruins  and  antiquities  discovered  within  the  limits  of  Arizona, 
forces  the  conclusion  that  the  rainfall  in  the  ages  past  was  ample 
to  give  fertility  to  the  land.  Is  it  unreasonable  to  suppose  that 
this  great  ancient  inland  sea  may  have  been,  in  connection  with 
other  agencies  unknown,  the  cause  of  the  agricultural  fertility  of 
the  land  of  the  Aztecs  1  Gen.  Stoneman,  one  of  the  noble  army 
of  sceptics  who  have  at  all  ages  of  the  world's  history  sneered  at 
the  theories  of  a  Columbus,  a  Galileo,  a  Newton,  a  Franklin,  a 
Morse,  and  a  host  of  other  great  benefactors  of  their  race,  de- 
nounced this  theory  as  "  insanely  visionary."  This  scientific  (?) 
gentleman  asserts  that  "it  would  take  a  river  1,000  feet  wide  and 
ten  feet  deep,  running  at  the  rate  of  five  miles  per  hour,  ^00 
years  to  fill  the  basin,  and  that  after  it  was  filled  it  would  require 
a  river  200  feet  wide  and  ten  feet  deep,  running  at  the  rate  of  five 
miles  per  hour,  to  compensate  for  evaporation,"  which  would  be 
nearly,  if  not  quite,  equal  to  the  flow  of  the  Colorado  River.  A 
schoolboy  familiar  with  the  rudiments  of  arithmetic  and  pro- 
vided with  the  data  given  by  all  ordinary  treatises  on  civil  en- 
gineering, could  inform  this  pretentious  critic  how  many  7nonths 
would  be  required  to  reproduce  this  inland  sea  by  the  ordinary 
flow  of  water  through  the  canal.  If  his  evaporation  theory  is 
correct,  then  we  would  suggest  that  the  grand  result  sought  to  be 
acquired  by  Gen.  Fremont  could  be  more  than  realized;  for  if 
the  water  of  the  Colorado  River  could  through  any  possible 
agency  be  incorporated  into  the  atmosphere  and  gathered  into 
rain-bearing  clouds,  how  long  would  it  be  before  Nature  would 
empty  these  aqueous  treasures  upon  the  desert  plains  of  Arizona  *? 
It  does  not  come  within  the  province  of  this  pamphlet  to  ful- 
minate theories,  but  only  to  show  how  very  prolific  this  age  is  in 
expedients  for  overcoming  the  difficulties  which  lie  in  the  path- 
way of    modern  progress,  and  how  many  of    the  drawbacks  to 


11 

Arizona's  prosperity  may  be  overcome  through  the  agency  of  mod- 
ern scientific  knowledge. 

Congress  recently  made  an  appropriation  to  test  the  practicabil- 
ity of  watering  the  deserts  of  the  interior  of  the  continent  through 
the  agency  of  artesian  wells.  Should  the  experiment  succeed  a 
great  change  will  take  place  in  the  character  of  the  lands  of 
Arizona.  It  is  a  very  well  known  fact  that  in  a  large  portion  of 
the  Territory  there  are  more  rivers  running  underground  than 
flow  over  its  surface.  This  fact  would  seem  to^  justify  the  belief 
that  an  artesian  supply  could  easily  be  obtained.  Considering 
the  great  changes  which  have  been  wrought  by  the  aid  of  modern 
science  in  the  agricultural  character  of  California,  and  other 
States  and  Territories  deficient  in  water  supply,  the  people  of 
Arizona  havfe  much  to  expect  in  the  near  future  from  the  agricul- 
tural riches  which  its  soil  is  capable  of  producing  through  this 
potential  agency  under  the  direction  of  a  race  of  hardy,  intelli- 
gent and  irrepressible  pioneers. 

MISCELLANEOUS     RESOURCES. 

We  have  thus  far  referred  only  to  the  mineral,  carboniferous 
and  agricultural  resources  of  Arizona.  These  alone  are  more 
than  sufficient  to  realize  all  the  grand  results  herein  set  forth  and 
predicted.  Dense  forests,  which  cover  the  northern  portion  of  the 
Territory  and  many  of  the  mountains  of  its  middle  and  southern 
portions,  will  furnish  a  source  of  much  wealth.  The  finest  qual- 
ity of  marble  has  been  found  in  great  abundance.  Building  stone 
equal  to  any  in  the  world  is  found  in  all  portions  of  the  Territory. 
Kaoline,  beds  of  mica  which  yield  a  great  abundance  of  large 
plate  of  superfine  quality,  gypsum,  limestone,  and  a  great  va- 
riety of  other  minerals,  are  also  known  to  exist. 

GREAT    TERRITORIAL    AREA. 

As  the  Territory  of  Arizona  embraces  an  area  equal  to  that  of 
the  States  of  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland 
and  Delaware  combined,  it  will  readily  be  seen  that  a  very 
large  portion  has  as  yet  never  been  explored,  therefore  it  is  in 
the  infancy  of  its  development.  As  a  grazing  country  it  has  no 
superior.  Large  fortunes  are  being  made  by  the  few  stock  raisers 
who  have  already  commenced  the  business.     Its  adaptability  to 


12 

the  raising  of  horses,  cattle  and  sheep  has  been  thoroughly  tested, 
and  the  future  of  this  business  promises  great  results. 

The  climate  cannot  be  excelled  within  the  limits  of  the  Union. 
Eight  months  out  of  the  twelve  it  is  simply  superb.  During  the 
four  months  of  June,  July,  August  and  September  the  thermome- 
ter ranges  much  higher  than  in  the  Eastern  and  some  other  of  the 
older  States,  but  the  maximum  of  110°  does  not  produce  as  much 
discomfort  as  is  experienced  in  the  more  humid  atmosphere  of  the 
East  where  the  ^thermometer  shows  only  90°  of  heat.  The 
purity  and  dryness  of  the  atmosphere  are  the  causes  of  this  differ- 
ence in  effect. 

Considering,  then,  all  these  elements  of  wealth,  developed  and 
undeveloped,  we  refer  it  to  the  candid  consideration  and  judg- 
ment of  all  intelligent  readers  whether  any  Territory  of  this 
Union  ever  had  in  its  infancy  a  future  outlook  so  bright  as  our 
favored  Territory  has  at  the  present  day. 

Tucson  the  Metropolis. 

It  requires  but  little  reflection  to  forecast  the  future  of  Tucson 
as  the  metropolis  of  the  country  surrounding  it  within  a  radius 
of  several  hundred  miles.  For  more  than  200  years  Tucson  has 
been  the  commercial  center  of  all  the  country  lying  between  the 
Colorado  River  on  the  west,  the  Rio  Grande  on  the  east,  Sonora, 
Mexico,  on  the  south,  and  northern  Arizona  on  the  north.  With- 
in the  limits  of  this  ancient  pueblo  there  have  lived  and  flourished 
many  generations  of  native  citizens.  The  surrounding  valleys 
have  from  its  earliest  history  raised  agricultural  products  more 
than  sufficient  to  supply  its  population.  There  have  always  been 
more  or  less  of  mining  operations  going  on  around  it,  and  from 
these  and  other  sources  of  trade  thfe  arteries  of  commerce  have 
contributed  to  the  gradual  growth  of  Tucson.  No  mushroom 
growth  of  mining  camps  will  ever  divert  the  trade  of  Tucson. 
She  can  have  no  rivals.  Tombstone  and  other  of  the  prosperous 
mining  towns  can  no  more  retard  the  progress  of  Tucson  than 
the  building  up  of  Chicago,  Cincinnati,  St.  Louis,  and  other  of  the 
great  cities  of  the  West,  could  retard  the  progress  of  New  York 
City.  In  the  days  of  imperial  Rome  all  roads  led  to  the  great 
capital.     So  in  modern  times  all  the  arteries  of  trade  proceed 


13     - 

from  and  return  to  the  great  commercial  heart.  Tucson  is  in 
minature  an  illustration  of  this  natural  tendency  of  trade  and 
commerce  toward  a  common  center.  The  greater  the  aggregation 
of  population  and  capital  in  the  surrounding  cities,  towns  and 
mining  camps  of  Arizona  and  contiguous  districts,  the  greater 
will  be  the  progress  of  this  favored  capital.  This  view  of  the 
subject  is  borne  out  by  reliable  data,  and  official  and  trustworthy 
statistics  justify  this  favorable  forecast  of  the  future. 

RAPID  INCREASE  OF  POPULATIOX. 

By  the  Federal  census  of  1870,  Tucson  had  a  population  of 
3,224,  composed  of,  native  1,026,  foreign  2,198, 

The  census  of  1880  showed  a  population  of  nearly  7,000.  The 
details  of  this  census  are  not  yet  published  ;  they  show,  however, 
that  the  greater  part  of  this  increase  was  in  the  progressive 
American  element.  It  is  estimated  that  the  ratio  of  increase  of 
this  element  is  not  less  than  400  per  cent. 

The  increase  of  the  total  population  during  the  past  three  years 
was  greater  than  for  the  seven  years  preceding,  and  was  made  up 
mostly  of  accessions  from  the  wide-awake  populations  of  the  older 
States  of  the  Union. 

To  show  the  rapid  growth  of  Tucson  during  the  past  two  years, 
we  refer  to  the  Postoffice  returns,  kindly  furnished  us  by  Assist- 
ant Postmaster  W.  J.  Corbett,  as  follows  : 

Total  revenue  for  year  ending  Dec.  31,  1878 $  3,858  54 

Total  revenue  for  year  ending  March  21,  1881 12,586  05 

Showing  an  increase  of  over  300  per  cent  in  two  years. 

No.  of  registered  letters  for  quarter  ending  Dec.  31,  1879.  .  824 
'No.  of  registered  letters  icao  quarter  ending  Dec.  31,  1880.  .  1254 

The  increase  in  the  freight  and  passenger  traffic  of  the  South- 
ern Pacific  Railroad,  since  its  completion  to  Tucson,  is  so  great 
that  its  managers  do  not  think  it  for  their  interest  to  permit  the 
publication  of  the  figures.  By  referring  to  the  annual  compila- 
tion of  the  Arizona  Star  of  January  1,  1881,  we  are  enabled  to 
present  the  following  statistics  : 

The  amount  of  freight  delivered  in  Pima  County  from  all 
sources,  including  government  freight  and  products  from  Sonora, 
for  1878,  was  7,011,020  lbs.     The  amount  of  freight  delivered  in 


14 

Tucson  alone,  for  the  year  1879,  was  12,041,000  Ifcs.  ;  this  did  not 
include  government  supplies.  The  amount  of  freight  received  in 
this  city  for  1880  was,  in  round  numbers,  70,000,000  lbs.,  being 
an  increase  over  1879  of  58,000^000  Bbs.,  or  almost  five  times  as 
great.  The  amount  of  freight  sent  out  of  the  city  was,,  in  round 
numbers,  42,000,000  lbs. 

The  mercantile  houses  during  the  past  year  have  been  greatly 
enlarged,  stocks  of  goods  more  than  doubled,  and  the  number  of 
retail  dealers  about  trebled. 

GREAT    INCREASE    OF    WEALTH. 

The  rapid  increase  in  wealth  during  the  past  year  may  be  seen 
in  the  assessed  valuation  of  property  in  Pima  County  for  1880, 
compared  with  the  assessed  valuations  of  the  two  counties  of 
Pima  and  Cachise  (the  latter  a  new  county  created  from  Pima) 
for  the  year  1881,  as  follows  : 

Total  assessed  valuation  of  Pima  County,  1880 $2,800,000 

Total  assessed  valuation  of  Pima  County,  1881 3,800,000 

Total  assessed  valuation  of  Cachise  County,  1881  ...  .    2,725,000 

By  an  act  of  the  last  Legislature  another  portion  of  Pima 
County  was  segregated  to  form  a  part  of  the  area  of  the  new 
county  of  Graham.  The  assessed  valuation  of  this  former  portion 
of  Pima  cannot  easily  be  ascertained,  but  it  is  undoubtedly  small. 
By  comparing  the  total  valuation  of  the  Pima  County  of  last  year 
with  the  assessed  valuation  of  the  same  area  this  year,  we  have 
as  a  result  over  250  per  cent  increase  of  taxable  property  in  one 
year. 

If  we  had  space  to  give  all  the  other  interests  which  indicate 
the  measure  of  prosperity  of  a  community,  they  would  show  an 
equally  satisfactory  progress.  The  school  attendance  has  rapidly 
increased.  The  volume  of  the  business  of  the  banks  has  greatly 
augmented.  The  business  of  the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Co., 
established  only  about  one  year  ago,  has  astonishingly  increased. 
A  Telephone  Company  has  recently  been  organized,  and  the  sys- 
tem of  telephonic  communication  has  proven  a  decided  social  and 
business  convenience.  The  sound  of  the  trowel  and  the  hammer 
of  the  builder  is  heard  in  all  directions,  and  modern  stores  and 
dwellings  are  arising  with  almost  magic  rapidity.  Population  is 
rapidly  augmenting,  and  new  industries  are  springing  into  exist- 


15 


MINING    DISTRICTS    TRIBUTARY    TO    ITS    COMMERCE. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  lind  any  city  more  favorably  located  to 
secure  a  perfaanent  trade  from  its  surrounding  mining  camps 
than  Tucson. 

It  is'  situated  on  a  broad  mesa  in  the  Santa  Cruz  Valley,  about 
midway  between  the  Gila  River  and  the  Sonora  line,  some  75 
miles  from  each,  and  is  about  250  miles  east  of  the  Colorado 
River,  160  miles  west  of  the  New  Mexico  line,  and  about  350 
miles  north  of  the  fine  harbor  of  Guaymas  on  the  Gulf  of  Califor- 
nia, and  about  170  miles  ea,st  of  Port  Ysabel,  also  on  the  Gulf  of 
California. 

On  the  west  side  lies  the  Santa  Cruz  River,  which  has  been 
mostly  diverted  from  its  channel  into  acequias,  which  irrigate  the 
lower  grounds  of  the  valley.  The  fascinating  verdure  of  this 
valley,  with  the  bold  peaks  of  the  numerous  chains  of  mountains 
which  environ  the  city,  forms  a  landscape  of  exceeding  grandeur 
and  beauty.  Rising  to  an  altitude  of  from  5,000  to  over  10,000 
feet,  these  mountains  furnish  a  summer  resort  which  will  enable 
the  residents  of  the  city  to  escape  the  tropical  heat  of  the  sum- 
mer months.  Within  these  treasure-houses  of  Nature  lie  the 
wealth  which  will  ensure  its  permanent  prosperity. 

To  give  a  detailed  inventory  of  the  metalliferous  riches  already 
discovered  in  these  mountain  ranges,  would  require  more  space 
than  is  consistent  with  the  character  of  this  work.  We  can  but 
briefly  enumerate  the  prominent  mining  districts  located  in  these 
mountains  and  give  some  of  the  remarkable  developments  which 
will  put  at  rest  all  doubts  regarding  the  permanent  prosperity 
of  this  rising  city. 

To  the  north  and  west  of  the  city  lie  the  Santa  Catalina  range 
of  mountains,  rising  to  an  altitude  of  10,265  feet,  the  foothills  of 
-which  are  about  twelve  miles  distant.  There  are  as  yet  only  two 
mining  districts  organized  in  this  range  of  mountains,  the  "  Old 
Hat"  and  "Canyada  del  Oro"  districts.  The  first  named  contain 
the  well  developed  and  exceedingly  rich  American  Flag  mining 
claim,  assaying  very  high  in  both  silver  and  gold.  Among  other 
of  the  large  number  of  mines  in  this  district  which  have  had 
more  or  less  of  development,  may  be  enumerated  the  Silver 
Prince,  Old  Hat,  Bandit,  Pioneer,  Wedge,  Lookout,  Palmetto, 
Manzana,  Mormet  and  Charlotte,  all  on  the  Old  Hat  lode ;  Morn- 


16 

ing  Star,  Grand  Central,  Commercial,  Mermaid,  Oracle,  Wiley,. 
Pilot,  Blaine,  Christmas,  January,  Medley,  Great  Western,  Ollie 
Swain,  and  others  too  numerous  to  mention. 

The  developments  made  on  the  above  enumerated  mines  give 
good  promise  that  this  district  will  rival  the  best  in  the  Territory, 

To  the  west  of  the  Old  Hat  district,  about  six  miles  distant^ 
and  about  31  miles  nearly  due  north  of  Tucson,  lies  the  Canyad^ 
del  Oro  district,  containing  very  rich  mines,  assaying  very  high 
both  in  gold  and  silver.  The  ores  mostly  consist  of  rich  car- 
bonates, easily  smelted.  Among  the  most  valuable  of  the  mines 
in  this  district  may  be  enumerated  the  Bonanza,  Gray  Eagle, 
Borganza,  Chronicle,  Beauregard,  Pittsburgh,  Good  Will,  El  Cap- 
itan,  and  a  large  number  of  other  mines,  more  or  less  developed, 
promising  a  large  contribution  to  the  commerce  of  Tucson.  This 
district  is  supplied  with  an  abundance  of  wood  and  water,  with  a 
delightful  climate,  offering  a  very  inviting  field  for  mining  oper- 
ations. 

THE    TORTILITA    MOUNTAINS. 

To  the  north  of  the  Santa  Catalina  ranges  lie  the  Tortilita 
mountains,  containing  the  San  Pedro  district.  Among  the  valu- 
able mines  in  this  district  is  the  Walston,  now  being  worked  by 
a  responsible  company.  The  well  known  merchant  of  Tucson, 
Wm.  Zeckendorf,  is  largely  interested  in  this  mine,  which  lies 
about  sixty-five  miles  almost  directly  north  of  this  city.  The 
ore  assays  very  high  in  chlorides  and  horn  silver.  There  has 
been  considerable  development  given  to  this  mine,  which  has 
established  the  fact  of  well  defined*  walls  and  a  permanent  body 
of  ore. 

The  Yellow  Hammer,  Sample,  Silver  Queen,  and  a  large  num- 
ber of  other  very  promising  lodes,  are  situated  in  this  district, 
giving  great  promise  of  a  prosperous  camp. 

The  Tortilita  range  also  contains  the  celebrated  Bloodsucker 
district,  with  scores  of  mines,  the  great  value  of  which  is  attract- 
ing much  attention. 

THE    PINAL    MOUNTAINS. 

Beyond  the  Santa  Catalina  and  the  Tortilita  ranges,  to  the 
north  and  northeast,  lie  one  continuous  succession  of  ore-bearing 
mountains  for   over  250  miles.     In  this  region  are  the  Pinal 


17 

mountains  with  their  wonderful  mines.  No  mining  region  yet 
discovered  has  such  marvelous  lodes  and  ores.  Who  has  not 
heard  of  the  great  Silver  King,  with  its  ore  body  over  100  feet 
wide,  containing  an  unknown  quantity  of  native  silver — speci- 
mens representing  a  great  variety  of  beautiful  forms '?  The  bul- 
lion output  of  this  mine  seems  to  be  limited  only  by  the  capacity 
of  the  machinery. 

The  Pinal  range  contains  the  following  well  known  districts  : 
Pinal,  Pioneer,  Globe  and  Mineral.* 

One  of  the  three  railways  which  the  managers  of  the  Atchison, 
Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company  have  decided  to  build, 
centering  upon  Tucson,  passes  through  this  wonderful  mineral- 
bearing  region.  The  line  of  route  will  be  from  Tucson  in  a 
northerly  and  northwesterly  direction,  through  the  recently  dis- 
covered Deer  Creek  coal  fields.  All  along  the  route  of  this  rail- 
way lie  multitudinous  deposits  of  the  precious  metals,  which  only 
need  transportation  facilities  to  yield  an  almost  fabulous  output 
of  bullion.  The  value  of  the  commerce  which  this  iron  highway 
will  secure  for  Tucson  it  would  be  difficult  to  overestimate. 

THE    CHIRICAHUA    RANGE. 

Dos  Cabezas  district,  in  the  Chiricahua  mountains,  about  100 
miles  east  of  Tucson,  contains  a  large  number  of  exceedingly  val- 
uable gold  mines,  the  development  of  which  has  but  just  fairly 
commenced.  Among  the  principal  mines  is  the  Silver  Cave, 
milling  about  an  average  of  $40  per  ton ;  ledge  about  seven  feet 
wide,  with  well  defined  walls ;  down  ninety  feet,  showing  all  the 
evidences  of  permanence  ;  owned  by  Tully,  Ochoa  &  Co.,  who, 
being  Tucson  merchants,  necessarily  control  the  trade  of  this 
district. 

Among  the  many  other  valuable  gold  mines  of  this  district 
may  be  mentioned  the  following  :  Silver  Cave  East,  Bear  Cave, 
Greenhorn,  Ewell  Springs  (owned  by  Norton  &  Stewart),  Juni- 
per (celebrated  as  the  mine  belonging  to  John  Casey,  who  has 
got  out  a  large  quantity  of  exceedingly  rich  ores).  Murphy,  and 
a  host  of  other  good  mines,  all  on  this  mammoth  lode. 

The  trouble  heretofore  in  the  development  of  these  exceedingly 
valuable  mines  has  arisen  from  the  scarcity  of  wood  and  water. 
The  completion  of  the  Southern  Pacific  brings  these  mines  within 
fifteen  miles  of  the  railway. 


18 

All  along  the  line  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad,  running 
eastward,  are  exceedingly  rich  mineral-bearing  mountains,  lying 
to  the  north  and  south,  which  can  obtain  supplies  and  an  outlet 
for  their  ores  and  bullion  through  this  other  channel,  promotive 
of  the  commerce  of  Tucson. 

THE    TOMBSTONE    MINES. 

At  Benson,  about  40  miles  east  of  Tucson,  the  world-renowned 
mines  of  the  Tombstone  district  will  connect  with  the  great  rail- 
way system.  The  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Company  are 
now  building  a  branch  road  from  Benson  to  Tombstone,  and 
thence  southwesterly,  through  Hermosillo,  Mexico,  to  the  port  of 
Guaymas,  on  the  Gulf  of  California. 

The  history  of  the  Tombstone  district  is  one  of  the  wonders  of 
the  mineral  world.  Scarcely  more  than  two  and  a  half  yeai's  old, 
it  now  rivals  the  celebrated  Comstock  lode  in  its  palmiest  days. 
A  bustling  camp  has  arisen  at  its  centre,  and  a  large  and  rapidly 
augmenting  population  is  fast  giving  it  the  proportions  of  an  im- 
portant city.  Two  years  ago  not  an  ounce  of  bullion  was  pro- 
duced ;  to^iay,  each  month  gives  its  half  million  of  bullion  out- 
put. The  rapidity  of  its  present  development,  and  the  constant 
pouring  in  of  mining  capital,  new  mills  and  machinery,  give 
promise  that  in  the  near  future  it  will  produce  its  millions  of 
precious  metals  per  month. 

All  this  unprecedented  progress  must  necessarily  exercise  a 
great  influence  in  promoting  the  commerce  of  the  metropolis. 

HUACHUCA    MOUNTAINS. 

About  fifteen  miles  southeast  of  the  Tombstone  district  lie  the 
Huachuca  range  of  mountains.  This  locality  has  had  but  a  par- 
tial exploration  and  development ;  but  enough  has  been  done  to 
establish  the  fact  that  ledges  of  enormous  width  and  richness  have 
been  located  in  this  district.  They  are  mostly  silver-bearing. 
There  are,  however,  enormous  deposits  of  copper  giving  a  very 
large  percentage  of  metal,  and  much  of  the  ores  carrying  also  a 
considerable  proportion  of  gold  and  silver. 

The  Huachucas  are  well  supplied  with  wood  and  water, 
which  advantages,  together  with  a  salubrious  climate,  afford 
unusual    facilities  for   smelting    and    milling    operations.       Reli- 


19 

able  information  obtained  from  those  familiar  with  the  charac- 
ter of  this  mining  field  establishes  the  well  grounded  belief  that 
an  enormous  yield  of  bullion  will  result  from  a  continued  devel- 
opment of  the  mines  of  this  locality. 

THE    COMMERCIAL    HIGHWAY    TO    MEXICO. 

Running  directly  south  of  Tucson  through  the  valley  of  the 
Santa  Cruz,  there  is  a  natural  highway  which  has  for  several  hun- 
dred years  contributed  to  the  commerce  of  Tucson.  Through 
this  channel  a  large  trade  with  the  State  of  Sonora,  Mexico,  has 
gradually  given  importance  and  stability  to  this  town.  Almost 
the  entire  supplies  of  that  State  have  come  from  this  ancient 
pueblo. 

The  mineral  riehes  of  Sonora  are  so  great  that  a  large  native 
mining  population  has  for  many  generations  been  enabled  to  ex- 
tract from  the  multitudinous  mines  of  that  region,  by  the  rudest 
and  most  primitive  appliances  and  the  indifferent  labor  of  a  few 
hours  per  day,  enough  of  the  precious  metals  to  give  them  a  large 
measure  of  prosperity. 

Since  the  completion  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad  to 
Tucson,  thus  greatly  reducing  the  cost  of  supplies  and  machinery, 
a  great  revolution  is  taking  place  in  the  method  of  operating  the 
mines  of  Sonora.  A  large  number  of  American  capitalists  and 
miners  are  rapidly  converting  this  rich  mineral  section  into  one 
of  the  most  prosperous  fields  of  mining  operations  anywhere  to 
be  found.  From  those  who  have  thoroughly  explored  the  metal- 
liferous resources  of  this  region,  wonderful  statements  are  given 
of  the  almost  fabulous  richness  of  its  great  mines. 

On  both  sides  of  this  important  artery  of  commerce — the  upper 
Santa  Cruz  valley — are  grand  mountain  ranges,  filled  with  won- 
derfully rich  deposits  of  gold,  silver  and  copper. 

THE    PATAGONIA    MOUNTAINS. 

In  the  Patagonia  mountains,  running  nearly  north  and  south 
of  the  boundary  line  between  Sonora  and  Arizona,  to  the  east  of 
the  valley,  about  seventy-five  miles  distant  nearly  southerly  from 
Tucson,  lies  the  Patagonia  mining  district,  celebrated  as  contain- 
ing the  old  Mowry  mine,  which  many  years  ago  was  worked  with 
great  profit  when  all  its  supplies  came  from  San  Diego,  about  600 
miles  distant,  at  a  cost  of  25  cents  per  pound. 


20 

The  Harshaw  district  lies  immediately  north  of  the  Patagonia 
and  so  near  together  that  we  can  only  enumerate  some  of  the 
most  prominent  of  the  recently  developed  and  worked  mines  of 
this  locality — the  Trench,  Hermosa,  Altar  and  W.  C.  Davis. 

The  Silver  Bill  and  a  group  of  mines  known  as  the  Washington 
Pool  are  now  being  rapidly  developed  and  worked,  some  of  them 
having  a  mill  and  a  smelter,  producing  a  large  yield  of  bullion. 

ORG   BLANCO    DISTRICT. 

Directly  west  of  the  Patagonia  and  Harshaw  districts,  having 
its  southern  boundary  on  the  State  of  Sonora,  is  the  Oro  Blanco 
district.  The  leading  mines  are  Yellow  Jacket,  Warsaw,  Mon- 
tana, Oro  Blanco,  Mary  Jane,  Ostrich,  and  scores  of  others,  the 
value  of  them  only  ascertainable  by  future  development. 

There  are  some  dozen  responsible  incorporated  mining  compa- 
nies operating  in  this  wonderfully  rich  mining  field.  The  Orion 
Company  are  now  running  a  twenty— stamp  mill  and  have  recently 
commenced  making  highly  satisfactory  shipments  of  bullion. 

The  future  of  this  district  promises  much  for  the  prosperity  of 
the  metropolis. 

ARIVACA     DISTRICT. 

To  the  west  and  north  of  the  last  mentioned  district  lies  the 
Arivaca,  on  the  easterly  slope  of  the  Sierra  Yerde  range. 

The  leading  mines  are  the  Con.  Arizona,  Albatross,  Arkansas, 
Cerro  Colorado,  Idaho,  Mentor,  Alpha,  Oro,  and  a  large  number 
of  others.  Several  hundred  other  claims  have  been  located,  the 
value  of  which  cannot  be  determined  without  development. 
Some  of  the  older  of  these  mines  have  been  worked  under  the 
rule  of  the  Jesuits  many  generations  back.  The  Cerro  Colorado 
was  worked  by  an  Eastern  company  in  1857,  and  some  of  its  ores 
were  sold  for  as  high  as  $2  per  pound  to  Mexicans,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  being  worked  in  arrastras. 

Five  responsible  mining  companies  are  now  operating  in  the 
district,  and  soon  a  large  bullion  output  will  make  this  a  very 
prosperous  mining  camp. 

THE     SIERRITAS. 

In  the  range  known  as  the  Sierritas,  lying  from  fifteen  to 
twenty  miles  southwest  of  Tucson,  is  the  Pima  district,  contain- 


21 

ing  the  Esperanza,  Southern,  Rough  &  Ready,  Knox,  Frazier 
River,  Justice,  Mammoth,  Josh,  Panaca,  and  scores  of  other  good 
mines.  It  is  estimated  that  there  are  over  200  locations  in  this 
district. 

There  are  now  four  Eastern  mining  companies  developing  the 
leading  mines  of  Pima  District.  They  consist  mostly  of  milling 
ores.  There  are  some  very  large  copper  ledges,  yielding  a  hand- 
some percentage  of  that  metal.  The  Esperanza  is  the  most  de- 
veloped of  these  mines,  having  about  3,000  tons  on  the  dump  and 
an  almost  inexhaustible  supply  guaranteed  by  the  present  show- 
ing.    The  average  of  its  ores  go  from  $80  to  $100  per  ton. 

This  is  a  new  held  of  mining  enterprise,  and  promises  to  be  an 
important  feeder  to  the  commerce  of  Tucson. 

THE    SANTA    RITAS. 

In  this  collection  of  little  mountains  lies  the  Helvetia  district, 
being  a  little  east  of  south  from  Tucson.  Among  the  ledges  are 
the  Omega  and  first  eastern  extension  of  same,  which  are  copper 
ledges  about  seven  feet  wide,  contact  veins,  assaying  about  42 
per  cent  copper.  Several  hundred  feet  of  development  work  has 
been  done,  and  a  large  amount  of  ore  is  now  on  the  dump.  This 
work  is  being  done  by  the  owners,  TuUy,  Ochoa  &  Co.  There  are 
also  a  large  number  of  other  very  promising  mines,  among  which 
may  be  named  the  Mammoth,  San  Domingo,  San  Jose  and  others. 
There  are  in  this  district  valuable  placer  gold  mines,  which,  owing 
to  a  deficiency  of  water,  are  only  partially  worked  during  the 
rainy  season.  Dry-washing  machines  are,  however,  being  intro- 
duced, from  which  the  best  results  are  anticipated. 

This  district  is  connected  by  good  roads  to  Tucson,  and  must 
contribute  much  to  its  commerce  hereafter. 

CABABI    DISTRICT. 

Situated  in  the  Cababi^  Cumbabi  and  Picacho  mountains,  in- 
cluding the  intermediate  valleys,  about  75  miles  nearly  due  west 
from  Tucson.  Two-thirds  of  the  mines  in  this  district  were  for- 
merly worked  by  Mexicans  with  profitable  results,  the  ore  being 
sufficiently  rich  to  justify  its  transportation  to  Guaymas,  nearly 
300  miles,  for  reduction.  About  25  years  ago  these  mines  were 
abandoned  in  consequence  of  extensive   Indian  raids,  by  which 


22 

ii  large  portion  of  the  mining  population  were  killed,  the  others 
escaping  to  Sonora.  Until  recently  these  mines  have  remained 
unworked,  but  the  removal  of  these  disturbing  causes  has  induced 
sonae  of  the  most  intelligent  and  enterprising  of  our  mining  pop- 
ulation to  relocate  them  and  commence  a  new  era  of  development 
which  is  being  attended  with  exceedingly  gratifying  results. 

The  most  prominent  of  the  mines  are  the  Picacho,  Quen-Can,. 
San  Diego,  Careza,  San  Tomas,  Cantiva,  the  Montezuma  group,, 
consisting  of  six  of  the  best  of  the  old  Mexican  claims,  and  a  host 
of  others.  The  developments  are  being  pushed  rapidly  by  ener- 
getic miners,  who  have  a  supply  of  Eastern  capital  to  guarantee  a 
prosperous  mining  camp  in  the  near  future. 

SILVER    BELL    DISTRICT 

Is  situated  in  the  Papago  range,  about  from  32  to  45  miles  due 
west  of  Tucson.  The  ores  of  this  region  are  mostly  smelting. 
The  copper  ledges  contain  enormous  deposits  of  ore,  yielding  from 
35  to  40  per  cent  of  bullion.  The  Doxology,  Huachuca,  Abbie 
Waterman,  Young  America,  Old  Boot^  and  many  other  superior 
ledges  are  now  being  worked  by  responsible  companies,  in  which 
some  of  the  leading  merchants  of  Tucson  are  largely  interested. 

A  group  of  silver  and  galena  mines,  yielding  $45  in  silver  and 
about  40  per  cent  of  lead,  have  recently  been  sold  to  parties  who 
expect  to  erect  smelting  works  for  turning  its  ores  into  base 
bullion. 

Every  step  in  the  progress  of  development  is  attended  with 
highly  gratifying  results,  and  Tucson  has  much  to  expect  in  the 
near  future  from  the  trade  of  this  district. 

THE    MEYERS     DISTRICT 

Is  situated  about  120  miles  due  west  of  Tucson,  and  about  45 
miles  south  of  Gila  Bend  station  on  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad. 

Gold  was  found  in  this  region  about  t^hirty  yaars  ago  by  a  Mr. 
Dorsey,  who  worked  the  quartz  for  over  one  year,  but  on  account 
of  Indian  difficulties  had  to  abandon  the  property. 

As  soon  as  the  hostilities  of  the  Indians  ceased,  the  irrepressi- 
ble prospectors  penetrated  these  comparatively  isolated  mining 
fields  until  a  considerable  mining  population  is  now  actively  at 
work  developing  its  exceedingly  rich  mineral  deposits. 


23 

The  principal  mines  in  this  district  are  the  Gunsight,  Atlanta, 
iHilver  Girt,  Eastern,  Morning  Star,  Crescent,  Western,  Monu- 
mental, Mineral  Bed,  and  scores  of  more  recently  discovered 
ledges.  The  assays  of  the  ores  of  this  region  give  wonderful  re- 
sults, a  large  percentage  being  black  sulphurets  and  horn  silver, 
assaying  up  into  the  thousands.  Capitalists  are  rapidly  putting- 
machinery  into  this  field,  and  great  results  are  confidently  ex- 
pected. 

THE    AZTEC    AND    TYNDALL    DISTRICTS 

Are  situated  almost  directly  south  of  the  high  peaks  of  the  Santa 
E/ita  mountains,  which  may  readily  be  seen  from  Tucson,  looking 
south,  and  distant  about  65  miles  therefrom. 

The  ores  are  of  high  grade,  and  the  lodes  are  distinctly  marked 
a,nd  crop  out  boldly  ;  but  the  bad  management  attending  minin 
operations  heretofore  carried  on  in  this  region,  added  to  the  lack 
of  permanence  in  the  ore  bodies,  has  materially  impaired  the  con- 
fidence of  investors  and  given  a  set-back  to  the  district.  These 
remarks  apply  equally  as  well  to  th^  Tyndall  district,  inmiediately 
-adjoining. 

EMPIRE     DISTRICT. 

This  is  a  new  district,  lying  about  thirty  miles  a  little  east  of 
south  from  Tucson.  Only  within  the  past  year  has  any  regular 
"development  work  been  given  to  this  district.  The  Total  Wreck 
mine,  bought  and  being  worked  by  a  New  York  company,  has 
shafts  down  300  feet,  showing  up  an  immense  body  of  very  rich 
free-milling  ore.  This  valuable  mine  is  fast  developing  into  a 
bonanza,  already  ranking  with  the  best  lodes  of  the  Territory'. 
The  company  possesses  ample  capital  to  give  it  an  output  of  bul- 
lion at  no  distant  day  which  will  greatly  promote  the  prosperity 
of  Tucson, 

There  are  a  large  number  of  other  mines  in  this  district,  which 
are  likely  to  prove  very  valuable  when  developed. 

OTHER     MINING     DISTRICTS. 

There  are  scores  of  other  good  districts,  more  or  less  developed, 
promising  at  no  distant  day  a  large  mining  population,  which  will 
undoubtedly  add  greatly  to  the  commerce  of  the  metropolis  ;  but 
our  limited  space  prohibits  their  further  enumeration. 


24 

There  are  almost  a  small  army  of  prospectors  at  work  discover- 
ing new  mines,  and  daily  additions  are  being  made  to  the  enor- 
mous number  of   claims   already  located. 

With  the  rapid  influx  of  mining  population,  the  extensive  in- 
vestments of  capitalists,  the  continued  increase  of  railroad  facili- 
ties, the  discovery  of  coal,  and  the  various  other  favorable  cir- 
cumstances now  conjoining  to  promote  the  prosperity  of  Arizona, 
we  ask,  did  ever  a  community  have  so  many  evidences  to  rely  on 
for  a  great  and  prosperous  future  1 

TUCSON    AS    A    RAILROAD    CENTER, 

Since  the  writing  of  the  article  on  the  network  of  railways,  ap- 
pearing in  the  fore  part  of  this  pamphlet,  there  have  been  filed  in 
the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Territory  articles  of  incorpora- 
tion for  a  company,  organized  by  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa 
Fe  Railroad  Company,  providing  for  the  construction  of  a  rail- 
road commencing  at  a  point  on  the  easterly  boundary  line  of  the 
Territory,  between  the  31st  and  32d  parallels  of  latitude  ;  thence 
running  in  a  westerly  direction,  through  the  most  practicable  pass 
of  the  Chiricahua  mountains,  to  Tombstone ;  thence  westerly,  by 
a  route  running  north  of  the  Patagonia^mountains  to  the  Santa 
Cruz  Valley,  and  thence  down  the  valley  to  Tucson ;  also,  from 
Tucson  north  to  Florence,  thence  to  Phenix,  and  thence  to  a 
point  in  Chino  Valley,  where  it  will  connect  with  the  Atlantic 
and  Pacific  Railway — in  all  a  main  line  of  about  380  miles. 
There  will  then  be  but  a  gap  of  about  150  miles,  running  north" 
westerly,  to  connect  this  road  with  the  Utah  Southern,  at  the 
northerly  boundary  line  of  the  Territory.  When  this  gap  is  filled, 
and  another  small  gap  needed  to  connect  the  Utah  Northern 
Railroad  with  the  Northern  Pacific,  there  will  be  a  continuous 
highway  commencing  at  the  frigid  regions  of  the  North,  running 
southerly  through  the  heart  of  the  westerly  part  of  the  continent, 
connecting  in  its  course  with  the  Northern  Pacific,  Central  Pa- 
cific, Atlantic  &  Pacific  and  Southern  Pacific  transcontinental 
railways,  and  finally  reaching  Tucson,  where  the  products  of  the 
North  can  be  exchanged  for  the  products  of  the  South.  When 
this  railway,  and  the  Southern  Pacific  road,  running  southeasterly 
from  El  Paso  through  Texas,  via  San  Antonio  to  Galveston,  shall 
be  completed,   passengers  and   freight  can  be  taken  up  at  the 


25 

mouth  of  the  Columbia  River,  Oregon,  and,  after  passing  through 
the  heart  of  the  continent  by  a  continuous  railway,  can  be  deliv- 
ered at  the  port  of  Galveston  on  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  a  distance 
of  over  2,000  miles. 

The  road  from  Tucson  to  Guaymas  through  the  Santa  Cruz 
Valley  is  now  being  built.  The  projected  road  from  Tucson  to 
Port  Lobos  (erroneously  stated  as  Port  Ysabel  in  the  fore  part  of 
this  pamphlet)  will  without  doubt  be  built  within  the  coming 
year.  The  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company  have 
decided  to  build  a  railroad  from  Tucson  in  a  northeasterly  direc- 
tion to  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. 

When  these  several  hereinbefore  enumerated  railroads  shall  be 
completed,  we  will  then  have  railroads  centering  on  Tucson  from 
seven  different  directions. 

She  then  will  have  direct  railway  communication  with  all  parts- 
of  the  world,  connecting  with  the  seaports  of  San  Francisco  on  the 
Pacific,  Port  Lobos  and  Guaymas  on  the  Gulf  of  California,  Gal- 
veston oii  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  all  the  principal  seaports  on 
the  Atlantic  coast.  The  products  of  the  vast  regions  beyond  can 
then  be  imported  by  the  merchants  of  the  metropolis  and  distrib- 
uted through  the  other  six  highways  of  commerce. 

TUCSON  AS  A  MANUFACTURING  CENTER. 

With  such  advantages  of  railway  communication  there  are 
many  articles  of  manufacture  the  raw  materials  of  which  can  be 
laid  down  at  Tucson  as  cheaply  if  not  cheaper  than  at  any  other 
point.  Its  favorable  location  will  then  offer  great  results  from 
the  erection  of  extensive  reduction  works  for  the  treatment  of  the 
immense  quantities  of  ores  lying  in  the  districts  which  this  rail 
way  system  will  tap. 

A  bill  is  now  pending  before  Congress  for  the  establishment  of 
a  mint  at  this  peculiarly  favorable  point. 

The  great  railway  companies  are  rapidly  erecting  extensive  ma- 
chine shops,  which,  together  with  the  army  of  their  employees 
required  to  reside  here,  will  add  much  to  the  city's  permanent 
population. 

All  these  varied  industries  will  rapidly  grow,  and  great  pros 
perity  will  soon  reward  the  residents  of  this  favored  metropolis. 


26 

WHAT    THE    CROAKERS    HAVE    TO    SAY. 

To  confront  these  statistics,  and  to  impeach  the  credibility  of 
the  data  promising  these  grand  results,  the  croakers  will  have 
their  say. 

The  croakers  of  to-day  rehearse  much  the  same  prognostica 
tions  of  evil  as  did  the  croakers  of  the  early  days  of  nearly  all 
the  large  cities  of  this  great  republic. 

Benjamin  Franklin  relates  in  his  autobiography  the  vaticina- 
tions of  these  prophets  of  evil,  who  assured  the  then  young  printer 
that  the  building  which  he  contemplated  erecting  in  Philadelphia 
to  carry  on  his  business  would  surely  result  in  bankruptcy,  as 
that  town  had  seen  its  best  days  and  was  going  into  decadence. 

All  the  great  cities  of  the  Union  have  been  afflicted  with  these 
shortsighted  opponents  of  progress. 

The  writer  well  remembers  the  sad  and  dejected  physiogno- 
mies of  a  crowd  of  young  men  idly  lounging  around  the  gambling 
saloons  which  lined  every  street  in  the  pioneer  days  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, in  1849.  The  croakers  of  those  days  sang  the  same  chorus 
as  is  sung  by  the  same  genus  hanging  around  the  saloons  and 
corners  of  Tucson.  The  San  Francisco  lugubrious  mourners 
were  quite  sure  that  all  who  had  ventured  to  the  then  new  Eldo- 
rado had  rushed  on  to  sure  and  certain  starvation,  as  they  felt 
assured  that  nothing  but  ruin  and  desolation  would  overtake  the 
mushroom  city  on  the  bay.  .They  claimed  that  as  the  mines  were 
the  only  sources  of  prosperity,  and  as  a  sudden  lull  in  the  produc- 
tion of  the  placers  gave  color  to  the  belief  that  those  mines  had 
already  yielded  up  the  most  of  their  golden  treasures,  therefore 
the  foundations  of  the  embryo  city  had  crumbled  and  decadence 
would  naturally  result. 

These  sincere  but  short-sighted  croakers  escaped,  as  they 
thought,  the  coming  desolation  by  writing  to  their  credulous  but 
kind-hearted  friends  and  relatives  for  sufficient  means  to  enable 
them  to  get  back  to  the  "  white  settlements"  in  the  East,  from 
which  they  had  been  transported  by  their  afflicted  relatives  in  the 
hope  that  the  new  field  of  adventure  might  affijrd  them  opportu- 
nities enough  to  stimulate  to  sufficient  exertion  to  make  them 
self-sustaining  institutions. 

Only  one  year  ago  these  evil  genii,  with  owlish  wisdom,  pre. 

icted  that  when  the  railroad  was  extended  eastward  there  were 


27 

to  arise  as  if  by  magic  cities  which  were  to  run  away  with  the 
trade  of  Tucson  and  leave  her  to  the  inevitable  decay  which  would 
naturally  result.  They  were  not  quite  sure  as  to  the  location  of 
the  new  metropolis.  When  the  railroad  magnates  located  two 
soldiers'  additional  homestead  warrants  on  the  present  site  of 
Benson,  these  false  prophets  saw  in  their  imaginations  the  glories 
of  the  great  coming  metropolis.  Tlie  victims  of  this  hallucination 
invested  in  the  favored  corner  lots  of  this  city  of  great  expecta- 
tions, to  the  great  joy  of  the  owners  of  the  fee  simple  of  the  des- 
olate plain  which  now  makes  up  almost  the  entire  area  of  that 
paper  metropolis. 

Maricopa,  Casa  Grande,  Benson,  Willcox,  Deming,  and  other 
of  the  predicted  commercial  rivals  of  Tucson,  have  had  their  day 
of  expectation,  and  still  Tucson  has  been  steadily  marching  on  in 
her  career  of  prosperity,  and  the  army  of  croakers  have  at  last 
ceased  their  doleful  vaticinations,  and,  fortified  by  the  reliable 
statistics  of  its  subsequent  progress,  the  believers  in  Tucson  have 
anchored  themselves  to  an  unwavering  confidence  in  its  becoming 
the  great  city  of  the  future  mineral  empire  of  the  great  republic. 

The  "Wants  of  the  Metropolis. 

Having  considered  the  future  outlook  of  Tucson,  we  can  read- 
ily forecast  the  wants  of  its  population. 

There  will  be  a  revolution  in  its  architecture.  Modern  civil- 
ization call's  for  buildings  constructed  with  all  the  comforts  and 
convenience  so  characteristic  of  Eastern  cities. 

Capitalists  who  now  invest  in  our  great  mines  could  not  be  in- 
duced to  endure  the  discomforts  and  disagreeable  surroundings  of 
this  old  adobe  town.  They  now  leave  their  families  in  their  East- 
ern homes,  and  make  their  flying  trips  here  to  look  after  their 
interests,  staying  here  no  longer  than  is  absolutely  necessary. 

Whenever  they  can  find  beautiful  cottages  and  mansions,  occu- 
pied exclusively  by  a  refined  and  cultured  people,  enjoying  all  the 
conveniences  of  water  and  gas  introduced  in  their  dwellings,  with 
the  same  aesthetic  and  social  attractions  that  they  enjoy  at  their 
homes  in  the  cities  of  the  older  States,  then  we  will  have  added 
to  our  permanent  population  a  class  of  people  who  would  greatly 
accelerate  its  growth  in  all  the  elements  of  a  refined  Christian 
civilization. 


28 

To  secure  a  foothold  for  such  a  population  and  growth,  it  is 
absolutely  necessary  that  the  whole  superstructure  should  have  a 
new  foundation. 

This  cannot  easily  be  obtained  within  the  limits  of  the  old  por- 
tion of  the  town. 

The  present  high  price  of  land  would  make  this  impracticable, 
so  long  as  unoccupied  land  can  be  obtained  adjoining  the  old  town 
at  primitive  prices. 

In  selecting  the  tract  of  land  for  this  new  community,  it  is  in- 
dispensable that  an  abundance  of  water  should  be  available  for  all 
household  purposes,  and  fof  the  cultivation  of  shade  and  fruit 
trees,  ornamental  shrubbery,  lawns  and  flower  beds. 

THE    SITE    SELECTED. 

In  the  pursuit  of  these  indispensably  necessary  wants  the  pro- 
jectors of  this  enterprise  have  secured  the  only  tract  of  sufficient 
magnitude  adjoining  the  city  limits  which  affords  the  aforemen- 
tioned requisites. 

The  Real  Estate  Associates  have  purchased  over  400  acres  of 
land  immediately  adjoining  the  northwest  corner  of  the  city  plat, 
distant  about  one  and  a  quarter  miles  from  the  Postoffice. 

The  Southern  Pacific  Railroad  runs  through  the  westerly  por- 
tion of  the  tract,  and  the  old  highway,  running  north  and  south, 
upon  which  the  trade  with  Sonora,  Mexico,  has  been  carried  on 
for  several  hundred  years,  passes  through  the  tract  near  the 
central  portion. 

It  is  ascertained  that  no  difficulty  will  be  encountered  in  hav- 
ing a  railway  depot  on  the  tract  whenever  the  wants  of  the  com- 
munity require  it, 

THE     WATER     SUPPLY. 

Upon  this  land  is  a  small  lake  or  lagoon,  supplied  by  springs. 
An  examination  of  its  source  indicates  that  the  water  supply 
comes  from  a  gravel  formation  which  underlies  the  whole  of  the 
mesa  to  the  north  and  east  of  it  for  many  miles. 

By  sinking  a  well  almost  anywhere  on  the  tract  in  question  the 
gravel  formation  is  reached  in  about  1 4  feet.  Civil  engineers  and 
experts  have  given  the  opinion  that  this  water  supply  will  answer 
all  the  requirements  of  a  large  population. 


29 

The  soil  of  the  tract  is  a  dark  sandy  loam,  six  feet  thick. 
There  is  a  vigorous  growth  of  mesquite  trees,  adding  greatly  to 
the  beauty  of  the  landscape.  This  tree  is  known  in  Botany  as 
belonging  to  the  genus  Acacia,  and  is  similar  to  the  locust  of  the 
East.  It  has  a  very  beautiful  foliage  and  produces  a  fragrant 
flower.  The  trees  on  this  land  grow  thriftily  without  irrigation 
to  the  height  of  from  ten  to  fifteen  feet.  By  supplying  these  trees 
with  water,  they  can  be  grown  rapidly  to  a  height  of  at  least 
twenty  feet,  into  the  most  beautiful  forms. 

BEAUTY    OF    THE    SCENERY. 

The  tract  in  question  overlooks  the  beautiful  Santa  Cruz  Val- 
ley, which,  with  the  surrounding  picturesque  mountains,  forms  a 
landscape  of  surpassing  beauty. 

It  is  proposed  to  lay  out  this  ground  with  broad  avenues  and 
have  them   graded,  which  can   be  done  with  very  little  expense. 

The  whole  tract  will  be  supplied  with  water..  Each  plot  will 
have  a  hydrant,  from  which  to  water  the  lawns,  shrubbery  and 
flower  gardens.  With  this  water  supply  each  villa  plot  can  raise 
lemons,  figs,  peaches,  nectarines,  apricots,  soft-shell  almonds,  peas, 
oranges,  quinces,  plums  and  grapes ;  pepper,  coffee  and  cotton 
trees ;  the  pomegranate,  with  its  lovely  foliage  and  beautiful  scar 
let  flower ;  the  acacia,  Australian  blue  gum,  mountain  ash,  roses 
and  flowers,  and  every  variety  of  semi-tropical  plants,  too  numer- 
ous to  enumerate. 

PROPOSALS    FOR    SECURING    SETTLEMENT. 

Acting  from  an  enlightened  and  liberal  standpoint,  this  com- 
pany proposes  to  donate  to  the  first  ten  heads  of  families  of  ap- 
proved character,  who  will  erect  an  attractive  modern  cottage  of 
moderate  cost  on  the  same,  a  villa  plot  230  feet  wide  on  the  bou- 
levard by  200  feet  deep  on  the  cross  streets,  and  in  addition  give 
each  party  who  shall  have  built  his  dwelling  the  option  of  owning 
$1,000  ^n  the  capital  stock  of  said  company.  The  company  also 
engages,  simultaneously  with  the  erection  of  these  dwelling- 
houses,  to  erect  an  equal  number  of  other  dwelling-houses, 
making  a  total  of  twenty  attractive  residences,  accommodating  at 
least  twenty  families  of  elevated  social  character. 

It  is  confidently  believed  that  as  soon  as  these  buildings  shall 


30 

be  completed  and  occupied,  the  rise  in  the  value  of  this  stock  will 
be  sufficient  to  pay  the  entire  cost  of  the  buildings  erected  by 
these  first  favored  few. 

The  company  proposes  to  secure  this  first  settlement  upon  a 
broad  boulevard,  which  will  be  a  continuation  of  Main  street. 
This  beautiful  thoroughfare  will  form  a  fine  drive  for  the  elegant 
equipages  which  are  now  so  frequently  seen  upon  the  present 
narrow  highways  in  and  around  Tucson. 

It  is  proposed  to  establish  upon  the  lands  of  the  company  a 
nursery  in  which  to  propagate  all  the  most  beautiful  deciduous 
and  ornamental  trees,  shrubbery,  flowers,  etc.,  which  will  be 
available  in  the  future  to  stock  the  settlers  with  all  that  may  be 
required  to  make  the  land  a  paradise  of  beauty. 

PROFITABLENESS    OF    THE    ENTERPRISE. 

When  the  entire  tract  of  not  less  than  400  acres  shall  be  laid 
out  into  a  boulevard,  avenues  and  streets,  and  a  water  supply  se- 
cured with  a  steam  pump,  pipes  and  reservoir,  and  all  the  other 
appliances  necessary  for  the  distribution  of  the  water,  and  the 
land  paid  for,  the  total  cost  of  each  city  lot  of  2,500  square  feet 
will  not  exceed  ten  dollars. 

We  refer  it  to  the  judgment  of  all  who  will  reflect  upon  the 
facts  set  forth  in  this  prospectus,  what  will  likely  be  the  average 
value  of  said  lots  when  the  contemplated  improvements  shall  have 
been  made  and  the  proposed  twenty  dwellings  shall  have  been 
erected.  The  minimum  advance  in  value  secured  by  the  most 
conservative  of  calculations,  will  certainly  answer  all  reasonable 
expectations  of  investors. 

THE    CAPITAL    REQUIRED. 

The  capital  of  the  company  will  be  $100,000,  divided  into  1,000 
shares  of  $100  each,  ten  per  cent  of  which  will  be  paid  at  the 
time  of  subscription,  and  the  subsequent  installments  of  ten  per 
cent  each  will  be  subject  to  the  call  of  the  Directors  after  thirty 
days'  previous  written  or  published  notice. 

As  immediately  after  the  erection  of  the  first  twenty  dwellings 
shall  have  been  completed,  there  will  undoubtedly  be  a  demand 
for  building  lots,  and  the  treasury  of  the  company  thereby  ma- 
terially augmented,  it  is  confidently  believed  that  it  will  not  be 


31 

necessary  to  call  in  more  than  thirty  per  cent  of  its  capital  stock. 

Confident  of  the  feasibility  of  the  project,  and  the  great  pros- 
pective gains  which  will  undoubtedly  result  from  an  investment 
in  the  enterprise,  the  projectors  do  not  find  it  necessary  to  solicit 
subscriptions  to  the  capital  stock  of  said  company,  as  the  demand 
is  already  greater  than  the  supply. 

It  is  believed,  however,  that  the  enterprise  would  be  greatly 
strengthened  and  the  profitable  results  much  advanced  by  secur- 
ing the  co-operation  of  stockholders  who  have  a  large  influence 
and  great  interest  in  the  future  of  Tucson. 

To  accomplish  this  desirable  end  the  stock  will  be  allotted  to 
parties  who  can  be  of  service  in  advancing  the  interests  of  the 
stockholders. 

A  Board  of  Directors,  composed  of  seven  of  the  most  responsi" 
ble  citizens  of  Tucson,  of  acknowledged  integrity,  will  be  brought 
into  the  direction  of  its  affairs. 

Parties  desiring  an  interest  in  the  enterprise  may  obtain  fur- 
ther detailed  information  upon  application  to 

C.  M.  K.  PAULISON, 

iV^o.  109  Main  street,  corner  of  Alameda, 


kF9(( 
mi 


■iC""^ 


.-^ 


at  the  Office  of  the 


Published  at  Tucson,  the 
Leading  Journal  nf  Arizona. 


•>-(^- 


-^Jk 


